Heat-insulated container



1925. 1,540,311 P. H. BRAINARD HEAT INSULATED CONTAINER Filed Oct. 13,192.5 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 2, 1925. 1,540,311

P. H. BRAINARD HEAT INSULATED CONTAINER Filed Oct. 15, 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 2, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT PEARL H. BRAINARD, OF MAGOIVIB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGINOBTO MACOMB MANUFACTURING COMYE'ANY, OF MACOIVLB, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATIONOF ILLINOIS.

HEAT-INSULATED CONTAINER.

Application filed etober'13, 1923. Serial No. 668,291.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PEARL H. BRAINARD, a citizen ot the United States,residing at Macomb, in the county of McDonough and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heat-InsulatedContainers, of which the following is a specification. r This inventionrelates to containers havmg walls constructed with special reference toresistance to heat transfer from the exterior to the interior of thecontainer, or vice versa, and particularly to containers the walls ofwhich comprise inner and outer shells positioned to leave a spacebetween them, and having this space especially treated to check thetransfer o heat by either conduction or convection, namely. byconverting it into a substantial jacket of low heat conductivity throughmeans of a filling, such, for instance. as subdivided cork; the innershell being designed to constitute a receptacle for materials to beprotected against change in temperature; and the outer shell serving asthe confining and protecting skin for the subdivided material of theinsulating jacket, as well as a mounting and centering means for theinner shell during packing of the insulatingmaterial be tween the shellswhich are united over-the restricted area afforded by concentric neckswith which the two shells are formed.

The embodiment of the invention herein selected for purposes ofillustration is designed primarily to serve as a portable container forliquid or other toods,'but it is to be understood that the novelfeatures of the invention are applicable to containers designed withforms and dimensions that'ren- 40 der them available for a wide varietyof other purposes, such, for instance, as stationary water coolers.refrigerators, incu bators, and, in short, all containers in which it isdesirable-to minimize the conduction of heat through the walls Theobject of the invention is to provide an improved method of packing thesubdivided material between the inner and outer shells of a doublewalled container of the kind herein described, whereby the material canbe introduced with greater convenience and accuracy, and be more denselypacked, particularly under thebottom ot the container,

and thereby better adapted to resist downward displacement of the innershell relatively to the outer shell in response to external shock. l\;ccordingly, another feature of the invention consists in forming anouter shell with the bottom portion thereof originally separated inabout the horizontal plane of the bottom of the inner shell, assemblingthe inner shell with the body of the outer shell, with their necksconcentric,

molding a body of cement into the space between the necks in adheringrelation to the highly porous material otthe inner neck,

and in fillingrelation to reentrant spaces'or recesses in the outerneck, then filling the space between the inner shell and the body oi,the outer shell with subdivided insulate ing material, for instance,ground cork, ramming said material firmly in position to adapt it tocheck air circulation which might result in convection of heat, andbetter serve as a spacing medium to fix the inner shell againstvibration inthe outer shell, and then, when the space between the shellsup to the level defined by the existing side wall of the outer shell iscompletely packed, heaping upon the upwardly presented bottom oftheinner shell a pyramid of subdivided insulating material in a quantitydetermined by the natural angle of repose of such mate-' rial when piledthereon, and finally pressing into position upon the top of such pyramidof subdivided material, and into telescoping relation with the sidewalls of the outer shell, the flanged bottom of the outer shell in amanner to trap such a substantial volume of the insulating materialbetween the bottoms of the inner and outer shells and in the remainingside space as willcomplete the insulating jacket with the densitydesired, and establish. in that portion ot the insulating jacketsubstantially the same conditions that were attained by ramming theinsulating material into the space between the inner shell and theportion of the outer shell first assembled therewith.

To contribute to the trapping of the requisite body of subdividedmaterial between the two bottoms, the bottom of the inner shell ispreferably slightly concaved, and the depth of the flange upon thebottomof the outer shell, which enters into telescoping relation with the sidewallsof the outer shell, is such as to meet the sidewalls materially inadvance of the ultimate position of the bottom and thereby trap theinsulating material against escape, whilecompression due to pressingthebottom home is taking place.

The invention will be fully understood .upon reference to theaccompanying drawings, in i which- Figure 1 shows in verticallongitudinal section, and in an inverted position, a water.- bottleembodying the severalfeatures of the invention, and l I Figure 2 is asimilar view illustrating the method of assembling the bottom of theshell and insuring desired density of the filling material around thebottom.

1 represents the inner-shell, 2 the outer shell positioned one withinthe other with a substantial space between them, and 3 represents afilling of ground cork or other material of low heat conductivityfilling said space. The shells 1 and 2' are construoted, respectively.with necks 1 2*, locatedwith a substantial space between them,

'25" and this space is filled with a body 4 of hard setting cement, thenecks being provided,

respectively, with grooves 1 and 2" to firmly key this body of cementbetween them. Preferably the neck 2 will have an 'inturned flange 2 fordetermining the axial relation between the.- inner and outer shells, andthis, together with the necks 1 and 2 constitutes a mold in which theuniting body l of'cement can be conveniently and accuratelycast whenthe'assembled shells of the container areplaced in inverted position,with the bottom section of the outer shell omitted and before the.insulating filler 3' is put in place r The body 4 of cement ispreferably'built upto a level slightly above the shoulder of the outershell,as shown, as this insures a. solid body of cement and-permits thecement to be introduced in a relatively slack condition in which'it canflow intimately into all the spaces. The material of which the innershell 1 is'constructed is particularly adyantage'ous in 'securinga solidand immovable union between the necks of the shells by the cement filler4, as" the cement.

adheres very-much more intimately with T the surface of the innershellby reason of 'itsnon-glazed porous condition.v The cement used for.uniting the inner and outer shells. is preferably a good grade ofPortland cement, or equivalent material, with a sufficient proportion ofplaster of Paris to neutralize any acid condition of the cement,

.or preferably hydrated lime in' sufficient proportion for thispurpose,or equivalent alkaline matter, as this will lend the additionaladvantage of rendering the cement union still less pervious to moisture.

- In the neck union there lsa firm anchorage of the inner shell in theouter container which fixes these two members against relative axialmovement, and the firm packing of the insulating material between themcompletes the means for positioning the inner shell within the outershell. I

In order to secure the proper distribution and desired density ofinsulating material between the inner and outer shells, it is quite easyto pack .the annular space between the sides'ot' these members beforethe bottom member 2 is put in'position. But considerable difficulty isexperience in securing.

proper density of packing between said bot- "tom member of theinncrshell and the bottom of the outer shell. These parts are assembled, according to the present invention,

' by first developing a pyramid or pile of subdividing insulatingmaterial upon the upturned bottom of the shell 1, the sidewalls of theshell as thus far assembled extending upward preferably to about thelevel of said bottom, and then pressing the bottom section 2 of theshell downward upon this cone ofmaterial and until the telescopingflange .2 of said bottom section fits within the annular side wall ofthe outer shell, when the subdivided material will have been displacedlaterally sufliciently to fill the entire remaining space between thebottom of the inner shell and the bottom of the outer shell, and thematerialwill be rendered particularly compact and firm beneath thebottom because of the flat or slightly concaved form-of the bottom ofthe inner shell which limits the flowing of the subdivided materialunder the axial pressure of the shell bottom.

The. procedure last described develops an I assembly which isparticularly advantashell having means constructed to resist out-.

ward flowing of the subdivided material;

geous in a heat insulated container in which and the subdivided materialintroduced between said bottom and the bottom of the outer shell beingunder substantial pressure in adirection perpendicular to the bottom ofthe inner shell. 4

2. A heat insulated container comprising inner. and outer shells withheat insulating material confined. between them; the inner shell havinga concave bottom, and the outer shell having a side wall terminatingadjacent said concave bottom and a bottom wall engaged with said sidewall and pressing the insulating material upon said concave bottom; themass of material between the bottoms of the shells being normally ofvlargely greater volume than the space'mto which it is pressed.

'3. A heat insulated container comprising inner and outer shells, andheat insulating material in the space' between the shells; the innershell having a bottom which, when presented upwardly, is adaptedtosupport a pile of insulating material in subdivided form and having aspecific angle of repose, and the outer shell having a side wall and aflanged bottom, the flange of said outer shell bottom being adapted toengage with the end of said side wall and thereby provide a compartmentbetween the bottoms adapted to compress and hold a bod of suchinsulating material piled upon t e inner shell bottom previous toputting the outer shell bottom in place; the end of the outer shell sidewall being so spaced from the edge of the inner shell bottom, asto-constitute a proper gage for the insulating material when pouredupon'said inner shell bottom, and insure the volume of such materialdesired to be compacted within said compartment.

4.-The method of assembling the inner and outer shells of double wallheat insulated containers which consists in first introducing into abottomless outer shell, an

inner shell having its bottom constructedwith means to resist outwardflowing of subdivided packing material, placed thereon,

,ing material placed thereon, packing insupac-king the space between thesides ofthe I shells with insulating material, piling in-l sulatingmaterial in subdivided form upon the bottom of the inner shell, involume substantially greater than the ultimate space to bemaintamed'between the bottoms of 1 bottom with substantial axialpressureand the shells and then applying an outer shell flattening andcondensing the pile of material between the two bottoms.

5. The method of assembling the innerand outer shells of heat insulatedreceptacles which consists in introducing into a.

bottomless outer shell, an inner shell hav ing its bottom constructedwith means to resist outward flow of subdivided insulatlating materialinto the space between the sides of the inner shell and the surroundingconfine, piling upon the inner shell bot- I of such material to becompacted between the bottoms, and finally putting the outer shellbottom in position over such gaged .pile .of insulating material,pressing said outer bottom axially to the outer shell, and therebycompacting the pile into the space between the bottoms.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, this 10th day of October, 1923. a

v PEARL H. BRAINARD.

